rsyncd.conf

package: rsync-server

title: rsyncd.conf(5)

text:
# rsyncd.conf(5)

## NAME
rsyncd.conf - configuration file for rsync in daemon mode

## SYNOPSIS
rsyncd.conf

The online version of this manpage (that includes cross-linking of topics) is available at https://download.samba.org/pub/rsync/rsyncd.conf.5.

## DESCRIPTION
The rsyncd.conf file is the runtime configuration file for rsync when run as an rsync daemon.

The rsyncd.conf file controls authentication, access, logging and available modules.

## FILE FORMAT
The file consists of modules and parameters. A module begins with the name of the module in square brackets and continues until the next module begins. Modules contain parameters of the form name = value.

The file is line-based -- that is, each newline-terminated line represents either a comment, a module name or a parameter.

Only the first equals sign in a parameter is significant. Whitespace before or after the first equals sign is discarded. Leading, trailing and internal whitespace in module and parameter names is irrelevant. Leading and trailing whitespace in a parameter value is discarded. Internal whitespace within a parameter value is retained verbatim.

Any line beginning with a hash (#) is ignored, as are lines containing only whitespace. (If a hash occurs after anything other than leading whitespace, it is considered a part of the line's content.)

Any line ending in a \ is "continued" on the next line in the customary UNIX fashion.

The values following the equals sign in parameters are all either a string (no quotes needed) or a boolean, which may be given as yes/no, 0/1 or true/false. Case is not significant in boolean values, but is preserved in string values.

## LAUNCHING THE RSYNC DAEMON
The rsync daemon is launched by specifying the --daemon option to rsync.

The daemon must run with root privileges if you wish to use chroot, to bind to a port numbered under 1024 (as is the default 873), or to set file ownership. Otherwise, it must just have permission to read and write the appropriate data, log, and lock files.

You can launch it either via inetd, as a stand-alone daemon, or from an rsync client via a remote shell. If run as a stand-alone daemon then just run the command "rsync --daemon" from a suitable startup script.

When run via inetd you should add a line like this to /etc/services:

```
rsync           873/tcp
```

and a single line something like this to /etc/inetd.conf:

```
rsync   stream  tcp     nowait  root   /usr/bin/rsync rsyncd --daemon
```

Replace "/usr/bin/rsync" with the path to where you have rsync installed on your system. You will then need to send inetd a HUP signal to tell it to reread its config file.

Note that you should not send the rsync daemon a HUP signal to force it to reread the rsyncd.conf file. The file is re-read on each client connection.

## GLOBAL PARAMETERS
The first parameters in the file (before a [module] header) are the global parameters. Rsync also allows for the use of a "[global]" module name to indicate the start of one or more global-parameter sections (the name must be lower case).

You may also include any module parameters in the global part of the config file in which case the supplied value will override the default for that parameter.

You may use references to environment variables in the values of parameters. String parameters will have %VAR% references expanded as late as possible (when the string is first used in the program), allowing for the use of variables that rsync sets at connection time, such as RSYNC_USER_NAME. Non-string parameters (such as true/false settings) are expanded when read from the config file. If a variable does not exist in the environment, or if a sequence of characters is not a valid reference (such as an un-paired percent sign), the raw characters are passed through unchanged. This helps with backward compatibility and safety (e.g. expanding a non-existent %VAR% to an empty string in a path could result in a very unsafe path). The safest way to insert a literal % into a value is to use %%.

motd file

This parameter allows you to specify a "message of the day" (MOTD) to display to clients on each connect. This usually contains site information and any legal notices. The default is no MOTD file. This can be overridden by the --dparam=motdfile=FILE command-line option when starting the daemon.

pid file

This parameter tells the rsync daemon to write its process ID to that file. The rsync keeps the file locked so that it can know when it is safe to overwrite an existing file.

The filename can be overridden by the --dparam=pidfile=FILE command-line option when starting the daemon.

port

You can override the default port the daemon will listen on by specifying this value (defaults to 873). This is ignored if the daemon is being run by inetd, and is superseded by the --port command-line option.

address

You can override the default IP address the daemon will listen on by specifying this value. This is ignored if the daemon is being run by inetd, and is superseded by the --address command-line option.

socket options

This parameter can provide endless fun for people who like to tune their systems to the utmost degree. You can set all sorts of socket options which may make transfers faster (or slower!). Read the manpage for the setsockopt() system call for details on some of the options you may be able to set. By default no special socket options are set. These settings can also be specified via the --sockopts command-line option.

listen backlog

You can override the default backlog value when the daemon listens for connections. It defaults to 5.

## MODULE PARAMETERS
After the global parameters you should define a number of modules, each module exports a directory tree as a symbolic name. Modules are exported by specifying a module name in square brackets [module] followed by the parameters for that module. The module name cannot contain a slash or a closing square bracket. If the name contains whitespace, each internal sequence of whitespace will be changed into a single space, while leading or trailing whitespace will be discarded. Also, the name cannot be "global" as that exact name indicates that global parameters follow (see above).

As with GLOBAL PARAMETERS, you may use references to environment variables in the values of parameters. See the GLOBAL PARAMETERS section for more details.

comment

This parameter specifies a description string that is displayed next to the module name when clients obtain a list of available modules. The default is no comment.

path

This parameter specifies the directory in the daemon's filesystem to make available in this module. You must specify this parameter for each module in rsyncd.conf.

If the value contains a "/./" element then the path will be divided at that point into a chroot dir and an inner-chroot subdir. If use chroot is set to false, though, the extraneous dot dir is just cleaned out of the path. An example of this idiom is:

```
path = /var/rsync/./module1
```

This will (when chrooting) chroot to "/var/rsync" and set the inside-chroot path to "/module1".

You may base the path's value off of an environment variable by surrounding the variable name with percent signs. You can even reference a variable that is set by rsync when the user connects. For example, this would use the authorizing user's name in the path:

```
path = /home/%RSYNC_USER_NAME%
```

It is fine if the path includes internal spaces -- they will be retained verbatim (which means that you shouldn't try to escape them). If your final directory has a trailing space (and this is somehow not something you wish to fix), append a trailing slash to the path to avoid losing the trailing whitespace.

use chroot

If "use chroot" is true, the rsync daemon will chroot to the "path" before starting the file transfer with the client. This has the advantage of extra protection against possible implementation security holes, but it has the disadvantages of requiring super-user privileges, of not being able to follow symbolic links that are either absolute or outside of the new root path, and of complicating the preservation of users and groups by name (see below).

If use chroot is not set, it defaults to trying to enable a chroot but allows the daemon to continue (after logging a warning) if it fails. The one exception to this is when a module's path has a "/./" chroot divider in it -- this causes an unset value to be treated as true for that module.

Prior to rsync 3.2.7, the default value was "true". The new "unset" default makes it easier to setup an rsync daemon as a non-root user or to run a daemon on a system where chroot fails. Explicitly setting the value to "true" in rsyncd.conf will always require the chroot to succeed.

It is also possible to specify a dot-dir in the module's "path" to indicate that you want to chdir to the earlier part of the path and then serve files from inside the latter part of the path (with sanitizing and default symlink munging). This can be useful if you need some library dirs inside the chroot (typically for uid & gid lookups) but don't want to put the lib dir into the top of the served path (even though they can be hidden with an exclude directive). However, a better choice for a modern rsync setup is to use a name converter" and try to avoid inner lib dirs altogether. See also the daemon chroot parameter, which causes rsync to chroot into its own chroot area before doing any path-related chrooting.

If the daemon is serving the "/" dir (either directly or due to being chrooted to the module's path), rsync does not do any path sanitizing or (default) munging.

When it has to limit access to a particular subdir (either due to chroot being disabled or having an inside-chroot path set), rsync will munge symlinks (by default) and sanitize paths. Those that dislike munged symlinks (and really, really trust their users to not break out of the subdir) can disable the symlink munging via the "munge symlinks" parameter.

When rsync is sanitizing paths, it trims ".." path elements from args that it believes would escape the module hierarchy. It also substitutes leading slashes in absolute paths with the module's path (so that options such as --backup-dir & --compare-dest interpret an absolute path as rooted in the module's "path" dir).

When a chroot is in effect and the "name converter" parameter is not set, the "numeric ids" parameter will default to being enabled (disabling name lookups). This means that if you manually setup name-lookup libraries in your chroot (instead of using a name converter) that you need to explicitly set numeric ids = false for rsync to do name lookups.

If you copy library resources into the module's chroot area, you should protect them through your OS's normal user/group or ACL settings (to prevent the rsync module's user from being able to change them), and then hide them from the user's view via "exclude" (see how in the discussion of that parameter). However, it's easier and safer to setup a name converter.

daemon chroot

This parameter specifies a path to which the daemon will chroot before beginning communication with clients. Module paths (and any "use chroot" settings) will then be related to this one. This lets you choose if you want the whole daemon to be chrooted (with this setting), just the transfers to be chrooted (with "use chroot"), or both. Keep in mind that the "daemon chroot" area may need various OS/lib/etc files installed to allow the daemon to function. By default the daemon runs without any chrooting.

proxy protocol

When this parameter is enabled, all incoming connections must start with a V1 or V2 proxy protocol header. If the header is not found, the connection is closed.

Setting this to true requires a proxy server to forward source IP information to rsync, allowing you to log proper IP/host info and make use of client-oriented IP restrictions. The default of false means that the IP information comes directly from the socket's metadata. If rsync is not behind a proxy, this should be disabled.

CAUTION: using this option can be dangerous if you do not ensure that only the proxy is allowed to connect to the rsync port. If any non-proxied connections are allowed through, the client will be able to use a modified rsync to spoof any remote IP address that they desire. You can lock this down using something like iptables -uid-owner root rules (for strict localhost access), various firewall rules, or you can require password authorization so that any spoofing by users will not grant extra access.

This setting is global. If you need some modules to require this and not others, then you will need to setup multiple rsync daemon processes on different ports.

name converter

This parameter lets you specify a program that will be run by the rsync daemon to do user & group conversions between names & ids. This script is started prior to any chroot being setup, and runs as the daemon user (not the transfer user). You can specify a fully qualified pathname or a program name that is on the $PATH.

The program can be used to do normal user & group lookups without having to put any extra files into the chroot area of the module or you can do customized conversions.

The nameconvert program has access to all of the environment variables that are described in the section on pre-xfer exec. This is useful if you want to customize the conversion using information about the module and/or the copy request.

There is a sample python script in the support dir named "nameconvert" that implements the normal user & group lookups. Feel free to customize it or just use it as documentation to implement your own.

numeric ids

Enabling this parameter disables the mapping of users and groups by name for the current daemon module. This prevents the daemon from trying to load any user/group-related files or libraries. This enabling makes the transfer behave as if the client had passed the --numeric-ids command-line option. By default, this parameter is enabled for chroot modules and disabled for non-chroot modules. Also keep in mind that uid/gid preservation requires the module to be running as root (see "uid") or for "fake super" to be configured.

A chroot-enabled module should not have this parameter set to false unless you're using a "name converter" program or you've taken steps to ensure that the module has the necessary resources it needs to translate names and that it is not possible for a user to change those resources.

munge symlinks

This parameter tells rsync to modify all symlinks in the same way as the (non-daemon-affecting) --munge-links command-line option (using a method described below). This should help protect your files from user trickery when your daemon module is writable. The default is disabled when "use chroot" is on with an inside-chroot path of "/", OR if "daemon chroot" is on, otherwise it is enabled.

If you disable this parameter on a daemon that is not read-only, there are tricks that a user can play with uploaded symlinks to access daemon-excluded items (if your module has any), and, if "use chroot" is off, rsync can even be tricked into showing or changing data that is outside the module's path (as access-permissions allow).

The way rsync disables the use of symlinks is to prefix each one with the string "/rsyncd-munged/". This prevents the links from being used as long as that directory does not exist. When this parameter is enabled, rsync will refuse to run if that path is a directory or a symlink to a directory. When using the "munge symlinks" parameter in a chroot area that has an inside-chroot path of "/", you should add "/rsyncd-munged/" to the exclude setting for the module so that a user can't try to create it.

Note: rsync makes no attempt to verify that any pre-existing symlinks in the module's hierarchy are as safe as you want them to be (unless, of course, it just copied in the whole hierarchy). If you setup an rsync daemon on a new area or locally add symlinks, you can manually protect your symlinks from being abused by prefixing "/rsyncd-munged/" to the start of every symlink's value. There is a perl script in the support directory of the source code named "munge-symlinks" that can be used to add or remove this prefix from your symlinks.

When this parameter is disabled on a writable module and "use chroot" is off (or the inside-chroot path is not "/"), incoming symlinks will be modified to drop a leading slash and to remove ".." path elements that rsync believes will allow a symlink to escape the module's hierarchy. There are tricky ways to work around this, though, so you had better trust your users if you choose this combination of parameters.

charset

This specifies the name of the character set in which the module's filenames are stored. If the client uses an --iconv option, the daemon will use the value of the "charset" parameter regardless of the character set the client actually passed. This allows the daemon to support charset conversion in a chroot module without extra files in the chroot area, and also ensures that name-translation is done in a consistent manner. If the "charset" parameter is not set, the --iconv option is refused, just as if "iconv" had been specified via "refuse options".

If you wish to force users to always use --iconv for a particular module, add "no-iconv" to the "refuse options" parameter. Keep in mind that this will restrict access to your module to very new rsync clients.

max connections

This parameter allows you to specify the maximum number of simultaneous connections you will allow. Any clients connecting when the maximum has been reached will receive a message telling them to try later. The default is 0, which means no limit. A negative value disables the module. See also the "lock file" parameter.

log file

When the "log file" parameter is set to a non-empty string, the rsync daemon will log messages to the indicated file rather than using syslog. This is particularly useful on systems (such as AIX) where syslog() doesn't work for chrooted programs. The file is opened before chroot() is called, allowing it to be placed outside the transfer. If this value is set on a per-module basis instead of globally, the global log will still contain any authorization failures or config-file error messages.

If the daemon fails to open the specified file, it will fall back to using syslog and output an error about the failure. (Note that the failure to open the specified log file used to be a fatal error.)

This setting can be overridden by using the --log-file=FILE or --dparam=logfile=FILE command-line options. The former overrides all the log-file parameters of the daemon and all module settings. The latter sets the daemon's log file and the default for all the modules, which still allows modules to override the default setting.

syslog facility

This parameter allows you to specify the syslog facility name to use when logging messages from the rsync daemon. You may use any standard syslog facility name which is defined on your system. Common names are auth, authpriv, cron, daemon, ftp, kern, lpr, mail, news, security, syslog, user, uucp, local0, local1, local2, local3, local4, local5, local6 and local7. The default is daemon. This setting has no effect if the "log file" setting is a non-empty string (either set in the per-modules settings, or inherited from the global settings).

syslog tag

This parameter allows you to specify the syslog tag to use when logging messages from the rsync daemon. The default is "rsyncd". This setting has no effect if the "log file" setting is a non-empty string (either set in the per-modules settings, or inherited from the global settings).

For example, if you wanted each authenticated user's name to be included in the syslog tag, you could do something like this:

```
syslog tag = rsyncd.%RSYNC_USER_NAME%
```

max verbosity

This parameter allows you to control the maximum amount of verbose information that you'll allow the daemon to generate (since the information goes into the log file). The default is 1, which allows the client to request one level of verbosity.

This also affects the user's ability to request higher levels of --info and --debug logging. If the max value is 2, then no info and/or debug value that is higher than what would be set by -vv will be honored by the daemon in its logging. To see how high of a verbosity level you need to accept for a particular info/debug level, refer to rsync --info=help and rsync --debug=help. For instance, it takes max-verbosity 4 to be able to output debug TIME2 and FLIST3.

lock file

This parameter specifies the file to use to support the "max connections" parameter. The rsync daemon uses record locking on this file to ensure that the max connections limit is not exceeded for the modules sharing the lock file. The default is /var/run/rsyncd.lock.

read only

This parameter determines whether clients will be able to upload files or not. If "read only" is true then any attempted uploads will fail. If "read only" is false then uploads will be possible if file permissions on the daemon side allow them. The default is for all modules to be read only.

Note that "auth users" can override this setting on a per-user basis.

write only

This parameter determines whether clients will be able to download files or not. If "write only" is true then any attempted downloads will fail. If "write only" is false then downloads will be possible if file permissions on the daemon side allow them. The default is for this parameter to be disabled.

Helpful hint: you probably want to specify "refuse options = delete" for a write-only module.

open noatime

When set to True, this parameter tells the rsync daemon to open files with the O_NOATIME flag (on systems that support it) to avoid changing the access time of the files that are being transferred. If your OS does not support the O_NOATIME flag then rsync will silently ignore this option. Note also that some filesystems are mounted to avoid updating the atime on read access even without the O_NOATIME flag being set.

When set to False, this parameters ensures that files on the server are not opened with O_NOATIME.

When set to Unset (the default) the user controls the setting via --open-noatime.

list

This parameter determines whether this module is listed when the client asks for a listing of available modules. In addition, if this is false, the daemon will pretend the module does not exist when a client denied by "hosts allow" or "hosts deny" attempts to access it. Realize that if "reverse lookup" is disabled globally but enabled for the module, the resulting reverse lookup to a potentially client-controlled DNS server may still reveal to the client that it hit an existing module. The default is for modules to be listable.

uid

This parameter specifies the user name or user ID that file transfers to and from that module should take place as when the daemon was run as root. In combination with the "gid" parameter this determines what file permissions are available. The default when run by a super-user is to switch to the system's "nobody" user. The default for a non-super-user is to not try to change the user. See also the "gid" parameter.

The RSYNC_USER_NAME environment variable may be used to request that rsync run as the authorizing user. For example, if you want a rsync to run as the same user that was received for the rsync authentication, this setup is useful:

```
uid = %RSYNC_USER_NAME%
gid = *
```

gid

This parameter specifies one or more group names/IDs that will be used when accessing the module. The first one will be the default group, and any extra ones be set as supplemental groups. You may also specify a "*" as the first gid in the list, which will be replaced by all the normal groups for the transfer's user (see "uid"). The default when run by a super-user is to switch to your OS's "nobody" (or perhaps "nogroup") group with no other supplementary groups. The default for a non-super-user is to not change any group attributes (and indeed, your OS may not allow a non-super-user to try to change their group settings).

The specified list is normally split into tokens based on spaces and commas. However, if the list starts with a comma, then the list is only split on commas, which allows a group name to contain a space. In either case any leading and/or trailing whitespace is removed from the tokens and empty tokens are ignored.

daemon uid

This parameter specifies a uid under which the daemon will run. The daemon usually runs as user root, and when this is left unset the user is left unchanged. See also the "uid" parameter.

daemon gid

This parameter specifies a gid under which the daemon will run. The daemon usually runs as group root, and when this is left unset, the group is left unchanged. See also the "gid" parameter.

fake super

Setting "fake super = yes" for a module causes the daemon side to behave as if the --fake-super command-line option had been specified. This allows the full attributes of a file to be stored without having to have the daemon actually running as root.

filter

The daemon has its own filter chain that determines what files it will let the client access. This chain is not sent to the client and is independent of any filters the client may have specified. Files excluded by the daemon filter chain (daemon-excluded files) are treated as non-existent if the client tries to pull them, are skipped with an error message if the client tries to push them (triggering exit code 23), and are never deleted from the module. You can use daemon filters to prevent clients from downloading or tampering with private administrative files, such as files you may add to support uid/gid name translations.

The daemon filter chain is built from the "filter", "include from", "include", "exclude from", and "exclude" parameters, in that order of priority. Anchored patterns are anchored at the root of the module. To prevent access to an entire subtree, for example, "/secret", you must exclude everything in the subtree; the easiest way to do this is with a triple-star pattern like "/secret/***".

The "filter" parameter takes a space-separated list of daemon filter rules, though it is smart enough to know not to split a token at an internal space in a rule (e.g. "- /foo - /bar" is parsed as two rules). You may specify one or more merge-file rules using the normal syntax. Only one "filter" parameter can apply to a given module in the config file, so put all the rules you want in a single parameter. Note that per-directory merge-file rules do not provide as much protection as global rules, but they can be used to make --delete work better during a client download operation if the per-dir merge files are included in the transfer and the client requests that they be used.

exclude

This parameter takes a space-separated list of daemon exclude patterns. As with the client --exclude option, patterns can be qualified with "- " or "+ " to explicitly indicate exclude/include. Only one "exclude" parameter can apply to a given module. See the "filter" parameter for a description of how excluded files affect the daemon.

include

Use an "include" to override the effects of the "exclude" parameter. Only one "include" parameter can apply to a given module. See the "filter" parameter for a description of how excluded files affect the daemon.

exclude from

This parameter specifies the name of a file on the daemon that contains daemon exclude patterns, one per line. Only one "exclude from" parameter can apply to a given module; if you have multiple exclude-from files, you can specify them as a merge file in the "filter" parameter. See the "filter" parameter for a description of how excluded files affect the daemon.

include from

Analogue of "exclude from" for a file of daemon include patterns. Only one "include from" parameter can apply to a given module. See the "filter" parameter for a description of how excluded files affect the daemon.

incoming chmod

This parameter allows you to specify a set of comma-separated chmod strings that will affect the permissions of all incoming files (files that are being received by the daemon). These changes happen after all other permission calculations, and this will even override destination-default and/or existing permissions when the client does not specify --perms. See the description of the --chmod rsync option and the chmod(1) manpage for information on the format of this string.

outgoing chmod

This parameter allows you to specify a set of comma-separated chmod strings that will affect the permissions of all outgoing files (files that are being sent out from the daemon). These changes happen first, making the sent permissions appear to be different than those stored in the filesystem itself. For instance, you could disable group write permissions on the server while having it appear to be on to the clients. See the description of the --chmod rsync option and the chmod(1) manpage for information on the format of this string.

auth users

This parameter specifies a comma and/or space-separated list of authorization rules. In its simplest form, you list the usernames that will be allowed to connect to this module. The usernames do not need to exist on the local system. The rules may contain shell wildcard characters that will be matched against the username provided by the client for authentication. If "auth users" is set then the client will be challenged to supply a username and password to connect to the module. A challenge response authentication protocol is used for this exchange. The plain text usernames and passwords are stored in the file specified by the "secrets file" parameter. The default is for all users to be able to connect without a password (this is called "anonymous rsync").

In addition to username matching, you can specify groupname matching via a '@' prefix. When using groupname matching, the authenticating username must be a real user on the system, or it will be assumed to be a member of no groups. For example, specifying "@rsync" will match the authenticating user if the named user is a member of the rsync group.

Finally, options may be specified after a colon (:). The options allow you to "deny" a user or a group, set the access to "ro" (read-only), or set the access to "rw" (read/write). Setting an auth-rule-specific ro/rw setting overrides the module's "read only" setting.

Be sure to put the rules in the order you want them to be matched, because the checking stops at the first matching user or group, and that is the only auth that is checked. For example:

```
auth users = joe:deny @guest:deny admin:rw @rsync:ro susan joe sam
```

In the above rule, user joe will be denied access no matter what. Any user that is in the group "guest" is also denied access. The user "admin" gets access in read/write mode, but only if the admin user is not in group "guest" (because the admin user-matching rule would never be reached if the user is in group "guest"). Any other user who is in group "rsync" will get read-only access. Finally, users susan, joe, and sam get the ro/rw setting of the module, but only if the user didn't match an earlier group-matching rule.

If you need to specify a user or group name with a space in it, start your list with a comma to indicate that the list should only be split on commas (though leading and trailing whitespace will also be removed, and empty entries are just ignored). For example:

```
auth users = , joe:deny, @Some Group:deny, admin:rw, @RO Group:ro
```

See the description of the secrets file for how you can have per-user passwords as well as per-group passwords. It also explains how a user can authenticate using their user password or (when applicable) a group password, depending on what rule is being authenticated.

See also the section entitled "USING RSYNC-DAEMON FEATURES VIA A REMOTE SHELL CONNECTION" in rsync(1) for information on how handle an rsyncd.conf-level username that differs from the remote-shell-level username when using a remote shell to connect to an rsync daemon.

secrets file

This parameter specifies the name of a file that contains the username:password and/or @groupname:password pairs used for authenticating this module. This file is only consulted if the "auth users" parameter is specified. The file is line-based and contains one name:password pair per line. Any line has a hash (#) as the very first character on the line is considered a comment and is skipped. The passwords can contain any characters but be warned that many operating systems limit the length of passwords that can be typed at the client end, so you may find that passwords longer than 8 characters don't work.

The use of group-specific lines are only relevant when the module is being authorized using a matching "@groupname" rule. When that happens, the user can be authorized via either their "username:password" line or the "@groupname:password" line for the group that triggered the authentication.

It is up to you what kind of password entries you want to include, either users, groups, or both. The use of group rules in "auth users" does not require that you specify a group password if you do not want to use shared passwords.

There is no default for the "secrets file" parameter, you must choose a name (such as /etc/rsyncd.secrets). The file must normally not be readable by "other"; see "strict modes". If the file is not found or is rejected, no logins for an "auth users" module will be possible.

strict modes

This parameter determines whether or not the permissions on the secrets file will be checked. If "strict modes" is true, then the secrets file must not be readable by any user ID other than the one that the rsync daemon is running under. If "strict modes" is false, the check is not performed. The default is true. This parameter was added to accommodate rsync running on the Windows operating system.

hosts allow

This parameter allows you to specify a list of comma- and/or whitespace-separated patterns that are matched against a connecting client's hostname and IP address. If none of the patterns match, then the connection is rejected.

Each pattern can be in one of six forms:

o

a dotted decimal IPv4 address of the form a.b.c.d, or an IPv6 address of the form a:b:c::d:e:f. In this case the incoming machine's IP address must match exactly.

o

an address/mask in the form ipaddr/n where ipaddr is the IP address and n is the number of one bits in the netmask. All IP addresses which match the masked IP address will be allowed in.

o

an address/mask in the form ipaddr/maskaddr where ipaddr is the IP address and maskaddr is the netmask in dotted decimal notation for IPv4, or similar for IPv6, e.g. ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:: instead of /64. All IP addresses which match the masked IP address will be allowed in.

o

a hostname pattern using wildcards. If the hostname of the connecting IP (as determined by a reverse lookup) matches the wildcarded name (using the same rules as normal Unix filename matching), the client is allowed in. This only works if "reverse lookup" is enabled (the default).

o

a hostname. A plain hostname is matched against the reverse DNS of the connecting IP (if "reverse lookup" is enabled), and/or the IP of the given hostname is matched against the connecting IP (if "forward lookup" is enabled, as it is by default). Any match will be allowed in.

o

an '@' followed by a netgroup name, which will match if the reverse DNS of the connecting IP is in the specified netgroup.

Note IPv6 link-local addresses can have a scope in the address specification:

```
fe80::1%link1
fe80::%link1/64
fe80::%link1/ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::
```

You can also combine "hosts allow" with "hosts deny" as a way to add exceptions to your deny list. When both parameters are specified, the "hosts allow" parameter is checked first and a match results in the client being able to connect. A non-allowed host is then matched against the "hosts deny" list to see if it should be rejected. A host that does not match either list is allowed to connect.

The default is no "hosts allow" parameter, which means all hosts can connect.

hosts deny

This parameter allows you to specify a list of comma- and/or whitespace-separated patterns that are matched against a connecting clients hostname and IP address. If the pattern matches then the connection is rejected. See the "hosts allow" parameter for more information.

The default is no "hosts deny" parameter, which means all hosts can connect.

reverse lookup

Controls whether the daemon performs a reverse lookup on the client's IP address to determine its hostname, which is used for "hosts allow" & "hosts deny" checks and the "%h" log escape. This is enabled by default, but you may wish to disable it to save time if you know the lookup will not return a useful result, in which case the daemon will use the name "UNDETERMINED" instead.

If this parameter is enabled globally (even by default), rsync performs the lookup as soon as a client connects, so disabling it for a module will not avoid the lookup. Thus, you probably want to disable it globally and then enable it for modules that need the information.

forward lookup

Controls whether the daemon performs a forward lookup on any hostname specified in an hosts allow/deny setting. By default this is enabled, allowing the use of an explicit hostname that would not be returned by reverse DNS of the connecting IP.

ignore errors

This parameter tells rsyncd to ignore I/O errors on the daemon when deciding whether to run the delete phase of the transfer. Normally rsync skips the --delete step if any I/O errors have occurred in order to prevent disastrous deletion due to a temporary resource shortage or other I/O error. In some cases this test is counter productive so you can use this parameter to turn off this behavior.

ignore nonreadable

This tells the rsync daemon to completely ignore files that are not readable by the user. This is useful for public archives that may have some non-readable files among the directories, and the sysadmin doesn't want those files to be seen at all.

transfer logging

This parameter enables per-file logging of downloads and uploads in a format somewhat similar to that used by ftp daemons. The daemon always logs the transfer at the end, so if a transfer is aborted, no mention will be made in the log file.

If you want to customize the log lines, see the "log format" parameter.

log format

This parameter allows you to specify the format used for logging file transfers when transfer logging is enabled. The format is a text string containing embedded single-character escape sequences prefixed with a percent (%) character. An optional numeric field width may also be specified between the percent and the escape letter (e.g. "%-50n %8l %07p"). In addition, one or more apostrophes may be specified prior to a numerical escape to indicate that the numerical value should be made more human-readable. The 3 supported levels are the same as for the --human-readable command-line option, though the default is for human-readability to be off. Each added apostrophe increases the level (e.g. "%''l %'b %f").

The default log format is "%o %h [%a] %m (%u) %f %l", and a "%t [%p] " is always prefixed when using the "log file" parameter. (A perl script that will summarize this default log format is included in the rsync source code distribution in the "support" subdirectory: rsyncstats.)

The single-character escapes that are understood are as follows:

o

%a the remote IP address (only available for a daemon)

o

%b the number of bytes actually transferred

o

%B the permission bits of the file (e.g. rwxrwxrwt)

o

%c the total size of the block checksums received for the basis file (only when sending)

o

%C the full-file checksum if it is known for the file. For older rsync protocols/versions, the checksum was salted, and is thus not a useful value (and is not displayed when that is the case). For the checksum to output for a file, either the --checksum option must be in-effect or the file must have been transferred without a salted checksum being used. See the --checksum-choice option for a way to choose the algorithm.

o

%f the filename (long form on sender; no trailing "/")

o

%G the gid of the file (decimal) or "DEFAULT"

o

%h the remote host name (only available for a daemon)

o

%i an itemized list of what is being updated

o

%l the length of the file in bytes

o

%L the string " -> SYMLINK", " => HARDLINK", or "" (where SYMLINK or HARDLINK is a filename)

o

%m the module name

o

%M the last-modified time of the file

o

%n the filename (short form; trailing "/" on dir)

o

%o the operation, which is "send", "recv", or "del." (the latter includes the trailing period)

o

%p the process ID of this rsync session

o

%P the module path

o

%t the current date time

o

%u the authenticated username or an empty string

o

%U the uid of the file (decimal)

For a list of what the characters mean that are output by "%i", see the --itemize-changes option in the rsync manpage.

Note that some of the logged output changes when talking with older rsync versions. For instance, deleted files were only output as verbose messages prior to rsync 2.6.4.

timeout

This parameter allows you to override the clients choice for I/O timeout for this module. Using this parameter you can ensure that rsync won't wait on a dead client forever. The timeout is specified in seconds. A value of zero means no timeout and is the default. A good choice for anonymous rsync daemons may be 600 (giving a 10 minute timeout).

refuse options

This parameter allows you to specify a space-separated list of rsync command-line options that will be refused by your rsync daemon. You may specify the full option name, its one-letter abbreviation, or a wild-card string that matches multiple options. Beginning in 3.2.0, you can also negate a match term by starting it with a "!".

When an option is refused, the daemon prints an error message and exits.

For example, this would refuse --checksum (-c) and all the various delete options:

```
refuse options = c delete
```

The reason the above refuses all delete options is that the options imply --delete, and implied options are refused just like explicit options.

The use of a negated match allows you to fine-tune your refusals after a wild-card, such as this:

```
refuse options = delete-* !delete-during
```

Negated matching can also turn your list of refused options into a list of accepted options. To do this, begin the list with a "*" (to refuse all options) and then specify one or more negated matches to accept. For example:

```
refuse options = * !a !v !compress*
```

Don't worry that the "*" will refuse certain vital options such as --dry-run, --server, --no-iconv, --seclude-args, etc. These important options are not matched by wild-card, so they must be overridden by their exact name. For instance, if you're forcing iconv transfers you could use something like this:

```
refuse options = * no-iconv !a !v
```

As an additional aid (beginning in 3.2.0), refusing (or "!refusing") the "a" or "archive" option also affects all the options that the --archive option implies (-rdlptgoD), but only if the option is matched explicitly (not using a wildcard). If you want to do something tricky, you can use "archive*" to avoid this side-effect, but keep in mind that no normal rsync client ever sends the actual archive option to the server.

As an additional safety feature, the refusal of "delete" also refuses remove-source-files when the daemon is the sender; if you want the latter without the former, instead refuse "delete-*" as that refuses all the delete modes without affecting --remove-source-files. (Keep in mind that the client's --delete option typically results in --delete-during.)

When un-refusing delete options, you should either specify "!delete*" (to accept all delete options) or specify a limited set that includes "delete", such as:

```
refuse options = * !a !delete !delete-during
```

... whereas this accepts any delete option except --delete-after:

```
refuse options = * !a !delete* delete-after
```

A note on refusing "compress": it may be better to set the "dont compress" daemon parameter to "*" and ensure that RSYNC_COMPRESS_LIST=zlib is set in the environment of the daemon in order to disable compression silently instead of returning an error that forces the client to remove the -z option.

If you are un-refusing the compress option, you may want to match "!compress*" if you also want to allow the --compress-level option.

Note that the "copy-devices" & "write-devices" options are refused by default, but they can be explicitly accepted with "!copy-devices" and/or "!write-devices". The options "log-file" and "log-file-format" are forcibly refused and cannot be accepted.

Here are all the options that are not matched by wild-cards:

o

--server: Required for rsync to even work.

o

--rsh, -e: Required to convey compatibility flags to the server.

o

--out-format: This is required to convey output behavior to a remote receiver. While rsync passes the older alias --log-format for compatibility reasons, this options should not be confused with --log-file-format.

o

--sender: Use "write only" parameter instead of refusing this.

o

--dry-run, -n: Who would want to disable this?

o

--seclude-args, -s: Is the oldest arg-protection method.

o

--from0, -0: Makes it easier to accept/refuse --files-from without affecting this helpful modifier.

o

--iconv: This is auto-disabled based on "charset" parameter.

o

--no-iconv: Most transfers use this option.

o

--checksum-seed: Is a fairly rare, safe option.

o

--write-devices: Is non-wild but also auto-disabled.

dont compress

NOTE: This parameter currently has no effect except in one instance: if it is set to "*" then it minimizes or disables compression for all files (for those that don't want to refuse the --compress option completely).

This parameter allows you to select filenames based on wildcard patterns that should not be compressed when pulling files from the daemon (no analogous parameter exists to govern the pushing of files to a daemon). Compression can be expensive in terms of CPU usage, so it is usually good to not try to compress files that won't compress well, such as already compressed files.

The "dont compress" parameter takes a space-separated list of case-insensitive wildcard patterns. Any source filename matching one of the patterns will be compressed as little as possible during the transfer. If the compression algorithm has an "off" level, then no compression occurs for those files. If an algorithms has the ability to change the level in mid-stream, it will be minimized to reduce the CPU usage as much as possible.

See the --skip-compress parameter in the rsync(1) manpage for the list of file suffixes that are skipped by default if this parameter is not set.

early exec, pre-xfer exec, post-xfer exec

You may specify a command to be run in the early stages of the connection, or right before and/or after the transfer. If the early exec or pre-xfer exec command returns an error code, the transfer is aborted before it begins. Any output from the pre-xfer exec command on stdout (up to several KB) will be displayed to the user when aborting, but is not displayed if the script returns success. The other programs cannot send any text to the user. All output except for the pre-xfer exec stdout goes to the corresponding daemon's stdout/stderr, which is typically discarded. See the --no-detatch option for a way to see the daemon's output, which can assist with debugging.

Note that the early exec command runs before any part of the transfer request is known except for the module name. This helper script can be used to setup a disk mount or decrypt some data into a module dir, but you may need to use lock file and max connections to avoid concurrency issues. If the client rsync specified the --early-input=FILE option, it can send up to about 5K of data to the stdin of the early script. The stdin will otherwise be empty.

Note that the post-xfer exec command is still run even if one of the other scripts returns an error code. The pre-xfer exec command will not be run, however, if the early exec command fails.

The following environment variables will be set, though some are specific to the pre-xfer or the post-xfer environment:

o

RSYNC_MODULE_NAME: The name of the module being accessed.

o

RSYNC_MODULE_PATH: The path configured for the module.

o

RSYNC_HOST_ADDR: The accessing host's IP address.

o

RSYNC_HOST_NAME: The accessing host's name.

o

RSYNC_USER_NAME: The accessing user's name (empty if no user).

o

RSYNC_PID: A unique number for this transfer.

o

RSYNC_REQUEST: (pre-xfer only) The module/path info specified by the user. Note that the user can specify multiple source files, so the request can be something like "mod/path1 mod/path2", etc.

o

RSYNC_ARG#: (pre-xfer only) The pre-request arguments are set in these numbered values. RSYNC_ARG0 is always "rsyncd", followed by the options that were used in RSYNC_ARG1, and so on. There will be a value of "." indicating that the options are done and the path args are beginning -- these contain similar information to RSYNC_REQUEST, but with values separated and the module name stripped off.

o

RSYNC_EXIT_STATUS: (post-xfer only) the server side's exit value. This will be 0 for a successful run, a positive value for an error that the server generated, or a -1 if rsync failed to exit properly. Note that an error that occurs on the client side does not currently get sent to the server side, so this is not the final exit status for the whole transfer.

o

RSYNC_RAW_STATUS: (post-xfer only) the raw exit value from waitpid().

Even though the commands can be associated with a particular module, they are run using the permissions of the user that started the daemon (not the module's uid/gid setting) without any chroot restrictions.

These settings honor 2 environment variables: use RSYNC_SHELL to set a shell to use when running the command (which otherwise uses your system() call's default shell), and use RSYNC_NO_XFER_EXEC to disable both options completely.

## CONFIG DIRECTIVES
There are currently two config directives available that allow a config file to incorporate the contents of other files: &include and &merge. Both allow a reference to either a file or a directory. They differ in how segregated the file's contents are considered to be.

The &include directive treats each file as more distinct, with each one inheriting the defaults of the parent file, starting the parameter parsing as globals/defaults, and leaving the defaults unchanged for the parsing of the rest of the parent file.

The &merge directive, on the other hand, treats the file's contents as if it were simply inserted in place of the directive, and thus it can set parameters in a module started in another file, can affect the defaults for other files, etc.

When an &include or &merge directive refers to a directory, it will read in all the *.conf or *.inc files (respectively) that are contained inside that directory (without any recursive scanning), with the files sorted into alpha order. So, if you have a directory named "rsyncd.d" with the files "foo.conf", "bar.conf", and "baz.conf" inside it, this directive:

```
&include /path/rsyncd.d
```

would be the same as this set of directives:

```
&include /path/rsyncd.d/bar.conf
&include /path/rsyncd.d/baz.conf
&include /path/rsyncd.d/foo.conf
```

except that it adjusts as files are added and removed from the directory.

The advantage of the &include directive is that you can define one or more modules in a separate file without worrying about unintended side-effects between the self-contained module files.

The advantage of the &merge directive is that you can load config snippets that can be included into multiple module definitions, and you can also set global values that will affect connections (such as motd file), or globals that will affect other include files.

For example, this is a useful /etc/rsyncd.conf file:

```
port = 873
log file = /var/log/rsync.log
pid file = /var/lock/rsync.lock
&merge /etc/rsyncd.d
&include /etc/rsyncd.d
```

This would merge any /etc/rsyncd.d/*.inc files (for global values that should stay in effect), and then include any /etc/rsyncd.d/*.conf files (defining modules without any global-value cross-talk).

## AUTHENTICATION STRENGTH
The authentication protocol used in rsync is a 128 bit MD4 based challenge response system. This is fairly weak protection, though (with at least one brute-force hash-finding algorithm publicly available), so if you want really top-quality security, then I recommend that you run rsync over ssh. (Yes, a future version of rsync will switch over to a stronger hashing method.)

Also note that the rsync daemon protocol does not currently provide any encryption of the data that is transferred over the connection. Only authentication is provided. Use ssh as the transport if you want encryption.

You can also make use of SSL/TLS encryption if you put rsync behind an SSL proxy.

## SSL/TLS Daemon Setup
When setting up an rsync daemon for access via SSL/TLS, you will need to configure a TCP proxy (such as haproxy or nginx) as the front-end that handles the encryption.

o

You should limit the access to the backend-rsyncd port to only allow the proxy to connect. If it is on the same host as the proxy, then configuring it to only listen on localhost is a good idea.

o

You should consider turning on the proxy protocol rsync-daemon parameter if your proxy supports sending that information. The examples below assume that this is enabled.

An example haproxy setup is as follows:

```
frontend fe_rsync-ssl

   bind :::874 ssl crt /etc/letsencrypt/example.com/combined.pem

   mode tcp

   use_backend be_rsync
backend be_rsync

   mode tcp

   server local-rsync 127.0.0.1:873 check send-proxy
```

An example nginx proxy setup is as follows:

```
stream {

   server {

       listen 874 ssl;

       listen [::]:874 ssl;

       ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/example.com/fullchain.pem;

       ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/example.com/privkey.pem;

       proxy_pass localhost:873;

       proxy_protocol on; # Requires rsyncd.conf "proxy protocol = true"

       proxy_timeout 1m;

       proxy_connect_timeout 5s;

   }
}
```

## DAEMON CONFIG EXAMPLES
A simple rsyncd.conf file that allow anonymous rsync to a ftp area at /home/ftp would be:

```
[ftp]

        path = /home/ftp

        comment = ftp export area
```

A more sophisticated example would be:

```
uid = nobody
gid = nobody
use chroot = yes
max connections = 4
syslog facility = local5
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
[ftp]

        path = /var/ftp/./pub

        comment = whole ftp area (approx 6.1 GB)
[sambaftp]

        path = /var/ftp/./pub/samba

        comment = Samba ftp area (approx 300 MB)
[rsyncftp]

        path = /var/ftp/./pub/rsync

        comment = rsync ftp area (approx 6 MB)
[sambawww]

        path = /public_html/samba

        comment = Samba WWW pages (approx 240 MB)
[cvs]

        path = /data/cvs

        comment = CVS repository (requires authentication)

        auth users = tridge, susan

        secrets file = /etc/rsyncd.secrets
```

The /etc/rsyncd.secrets file would look something like this:

```
tridge:mypass
susan:herpass
```

## FILES
/etc/rsyncd.conf or rsyncd.conf

## SEE ALSO
rsync(1), rsync-ssl(1)

## BUGS
Please report bugs! The rsync bug tracking system is online at https://rsync.samba.org/.

## VERSION
This manpage is current for version 3.2.7 of rsync.

## CREDITS
Rsync is distributed under the GNU General Public License. See the file COPYING for details.

An rsync web site is available at https://rsync.samba.org/ and its github project is https://github.com/WayneD/rsync.

## THANKS
Thanks to Warren Stanley for his original idea and patch for the rsync daemon. Thanks to Karsten Thygesen for his many suggestions and documentation!

## AUTHOR
Rsync was originally written by Andrew Tridgell and Paul Mackerras. Many people have later contributed to it. It is currently maintained by Wayne Davison.

Mailing lists for support and development are available at https://lists.samba.org/.


rsyslog.conf

package: rsyslog

title: rsyslog.conf(5)

summary: rsyslogd(8) configuration file

text:
# rsyslog.conf(5)

## NAME
rsyslog.conf - rsyslogd(8) configuration file

## DESCRIPTION
The rsyslog.conf file is the main configuration file for the rsyslogd(8) which logs system messages on *nix systems. This file specifies rules for logging. For special features see the rsyslogd(8) manpage. Rsyslog.conf is backward-compatible with sysklogd's syslog.conf file. So if you migrate from sysklogd you can rename it and it should work.

Note that this version of rsyslog ships with extensive documentation in HTML format. This is provided in the ./doc subdirectory and probably in a separate package if you installed rsyslog via a packaging system. To use rsyslog's advanced features, you need to look at the HTML documentation, because the man pages only cover basic aspects of operation.

## MODULES
Rsyslog has a modular design. Consequently, there is a growing number of modules. See the HTML documentation for their full description.

omsnmp

SNMP trap output module

omgssapi

Output module for GSS-enabled syslog

ommysql

Output module for MySQL

omrelp

Output module for the reliable RELP protocol (prevents message loss). For details, see below at imrelp and the HTML documentation. It can be used like this:

*.* :omrelp:server:port

*.* :omrelp:192.168.0.1:2514 # actual sample

ompgsql

Output module for PostgreSQL

omlibdbi

Generic database output module (Firebird/Interbase, MS SQL, Sybase, SQLite, Ingres, Oracle, mSQL)

imfile

Input module for text files

imudp

Input plugin for UDP syslog. Replaces the deprecated -r option. Can be used like this:

$ModLoad imudp

$UDPServerRun 514

imtcp

Input plugin for plain TCP syslog. Replaces the deprecated -t option. Can be used like this:

$ModLoad imtcp

$InputTCPServerRun 514

imrelp

Input plugin for the RELP protocol. RELP can be used instead of UDP or plain TCP syslog to provide reliable delivery of syslog messages. Please note that plain TCP syslog does NOT provide truly reliable delivery, with it messages may be lost when there is a connection problem or the server shuts down. RELP prevents message loss in those cases. It can be used like this:

$ModLoad imrelp

$InputRELPServerRun 2514

imgssapi

Input plugin for plain TCP and GSS-enable syslog

immark

Support for mark messages

imklog

Kernel logging. To include kernel log messages, you need to do

$ModLoad imklog Please note that the klogd daemon is no longer necessary and consequently no longer provided by the rsyslog package.

imuxsock

Unix sockets, including the system log socket. You need to specify

$ModLoad imuxsock in order to receive log messages from local system processes. This config directive should only left out if you know exactly what you are doing.

## BASIC STRUCTURE
Lines starting with a hash mark ('#') and empty lines are ignored. Rsyslog.conf should contain following sections (sorted by recommended order in file):

Global directives

Global directives set some global properties of whole rsyslog daemon, for example size of main message queue ($MainMessageQueueSize), loading external modules ($ModLoad) and so on. All global directives need to be specified on a line by their own and must start with a dollar-sign. The complete list of global directives can be found in HTML documentation in doc directory or online on web pages.

Templates

Templates allow you to specify format of the logged message. They are also used for dynamic file name generation. They have to be defined before they are used in rules. For more info about templates see TEMPLATES section of this manpage.

Output channels

Output channels provide an umbrella for any type of output that the user might want. They have to be defined before they are used in rules. For more info about output channels see OUTPUT CHANNELS section of this manpage.

Rules (selector + action)

Every rule line consists of two fields, a selector field and an action field. These two fields are separated by one or more spaces or tabs. The selector field specifies a pattern of facilities and priorities belonging to the specified action.

## SELECTORS
The selector field itself again consists of two parts, a facility and a priority, separated by a period ('.'). Both parts are case insensitive and can also be specified as decimal numbers, but don't do that, you have been warned. Both facilities and priorities are described in syslog(3). The names mentioned below correspond to the similar LOG_-values in /usr/include/syslog.h.

The facility is one of the following keywords: auth, authpriv, cron, daemon, kern, lpr, mail, mark, news, security (same as auth), syslog, user, uucp and local0 through local7. The keyword security should not be used anymore and mark is only for internal use and therefore should not be used in applications. Anyway, you may want to specify and redirect these messages here. The facility specifies the subsystem that produced the message, i.e. all mail programs log with the mail facility (LOG_MAIL) if they log using syslog.

The priority is one of the following keywords, in ascending order: debug, info, notice, warning, warn (same as warning), err, error (same as err), crit, alert, emerg, panic (same as emerg). The keywords error, warn and panic are deprecated and should not be used anymore. The priority defines the severity of the message.

The behavior of the original BSD syslogd is that all messages of the specified priority and higher are logged according to the given action. Rsyslogd behaves the same, but has some extensions.

In addition to the above mentioned names the rsyslogd(8) understands the following extensions: An asterisk ('*') stands for all facilities or all priorities, depending on where it is used (before or after the period). The keyword none stands for no priority of the given facility.

You can specify multiple facilities with the same priority pattern in one statement using the comma (',') operator. You may specify as much facilities as you want. Remember that only the facility part from such a statement is taken, a priority part would be skipped.

Multiple selectors may be specified for a single action using the semicolon (';') separator. Remember that each selector in the selector field is capable to overwrite the preceding ones. Using this behavior you can exclude some priorities from the pattern.

Rsyslogd has a syntax extension to the original BSD source, that makes its use more intuitively. You may precede every priority with an equals sign ('=') to specify only this single priority and not any of the above. You may also (both is valid, too) precede the priority with an exclamation mark ('!') to ignore all that priorities, either exact this one or this and any higher priority. If you use both extensions then the exclamation mark must occur before the equals sign, just use it intuitively.

However, please note that there are some restrictions over the traditional BSD syslog behaviour. These restrictions stem back to sysklogd, exist probably since at least the 1990's and as such have always been in rsyslog.

Namely, in BSD syslogd you can craft a selector like this:

*.debug;local6.err

The intent is to log all facilities at debug or higher, except for local6, which should only log at err or higher.

Unfortunately, local6.err will permit error severity and higher, but will not exclude lower severity messages from facility local6.

As an alternative, you can explicitly exclude all severities that you do not want to match. For the above case, this selector is equivalent to the BSD syslog selector:

*.debug;local6.!=info;local6.!=notice;local6.!=warn

An easier approach is probably to do if ... then based matching in script.

## ACTIONS
The action field of a rule describes what to do with the message. In general, message content is written to a kind of "logfile". But also other actions might be done, like writing to a database table or forwarding to another host.

### Regular file
Typically messages are logged to real files. The file has to be specified with full pathname, beginning with a slash ('/').

Example:

*.* /var/log/traditionalfile.log;RSYSLOG_TraditionalFileFormat # log to a file in the traditional format

Note: if you would like to use high-precision timestamps in your log files, just remove the ";RSYSLOG_TraditionalFormat". That will select the default template, which, if not changed, uses RFC 3339 timestamps.

Example:

*.* /var/log/file.log # log to a file with RFC3339 timestamps

By default, files are not synced after each write. To enable syncing of log files globally, use either the "$ActionFileEnableSync" directive or the "sync" parameter to omfile. Enabling this option degrades performance and it is advised not to enable syncing unless you know what you are doing. To selectively disable syncing for certain files, you may prefix the file path with a minus sign ("-").

### Named pipes
This version of rsyslogd(8) has support for logging output to named pipes (fifos). A fifo or named pipe can be used as a destination for log messages by prepending a pipe symbol ('|') to the name of the file. This is handy for debugging. Note that the fifo must be created with the mkfifo(1) command before rsyslogd(8) is started.

### Terminal and console
If the file you specified is a tty, special tty-handling is done, same with /dev/console.

### Remote machine
There are three ways to forward message: the traditional UDP transport, which is extremely lossy but standard, the plain TCP based transport which loses messages only during certain situations but is widely available and the RELP transport which does not lose messages but is currently available only as part of rsyslogd 3.15.0 and above.

To forward messages to another host via UDP, prepend the hostname with the at sign ("@"). To forward it via plain tcp, prepend two at signs ("@@"). To forward via RELP, prepend the string ":omrelp:" in front of the hostname.

Example:

*.* @192.168.0.1

In the example above, messages are forwarded via UDP to the machine 192.168.0.1, the destination port defaults to 514. Due to the nature of UDP, you will probably lose some messages in transit. If you expect high traffic volume, you can expect to lose a quite noticeable number of messages (the higher the traffic, the more likely and severe is message loss).

Sockets for forwarded messages can be bound to a specific device using the "device" option for the omfwd module.

Example:

action(type="omfwd" Target="192.168.0.1" Device="eth0" Port=514 Protocol="udp")

In the example above, messages are forwarded via UDP to the machine 192.168.0.1 at port 514 over the device eth0. TCP can be used by setting Protocol to "tcp" in the above example.

For Linux with VRF support, the device option is used to specify the VRF to send messages.

If you would like to prevent message loss, use RELP:

*.* :omrelp:192.168.0.1:2514

Note that a port number was given as there is no standard port for relp.

Keep in mind that you need to load the correct input and output plugins (see "Modules" above).

Please note that rsyslogd offers a variety of options in regarding to remote forwarding. For full details, please see the HTML documentation.

### List of users
Usually critical messages are also directed to ``root'' on that machine. You can specify a list of users that shall get the message by simply writing ":omusrmsg:" followed by the login name. You may specify more than one user by separating them with commas (','). If they're logged in they get the message (for example: ":omusrmsg:root,user1,user2").

### Everyone logged on
Emergency messages often go to all users currently online to notify them that something strange is happening with the system. To specify this wall(1)-feature use an ":omusrmsg:*".

### Database table
This allows logging of the message to a database table. By default, a MonitorWare-compatible schema is required for this to work. You can create that schema with the createDB.SQL file that came with the rsyslog package. You can also use any other schema of your liking - you just need to define a proper template and assign this template to the action.

See the HTML documentation for further details on database logging.

### Discard
If the discard action is carried out, the received message is immediately discarded. Discard can be highly effective if you want to filter out some annoying messages that otherwise would fill your log files. To do that, place the discard actions early in your log files. This often plays well with property-based filters, giving you great freedom in specifying what you do not want.

Discard is just the single 'stop' command with no further parameters.

Example:

*.* stop # discards everything.

### Output channel
Binds an output channel definition (see there for details) to this action. Output channel actions must start with a $-sign, e.g. if you would like to bind your output channel definition "mychannel" to the action, use "$mychannel". Output channels support template definitions like all all other actions.

### Shell execute
This executes a program in a subshell. The program is passed the template-generated message as the only command line parameter. Rsyslog waits until the program terminates and only then continues to run.

Example:

^program-to-execute;template

The program-to-execute can be any valid executable. It receives the template string as a single parameter (argv[1]).

## FILTER CONDITIONS
Rsyslog offers three different types "filter conditions":

* "traditional" severity and facility based selectors

* property-based filters

* expression-based filters

### Selectors
Selectors are the traditional way of filtering syslog messages. They have been kept in rsyslog with their original syntax, because it is well-known, highly effective and also needed for compatibility with stock syslogd configuration files. If you just need to filter based on priority and facility, you should do this with selector lines. They are not second-class citizens in rsyslog and offer the best performance for this job.

### Property-Based Filters
Property-based filters are unique to rsyslogd. They allow one to filter on any property, like HOSTNAME, syslogtag and msg.

A property-based filter must start with a colon in column 0. This tells rsyslogd that it is the new filter type. The colon must be followed by the property name, a comma, the name of the compare operation to carry out, another comma and then the value to compare against. This value must be quoted. There can be spaces and tabs between the commas. Property names and compare operations are case-sensitive, so "msg" works, while "MSG" is an invalid property name. In brief, the syntax is as follows:

:property, [!]compare-operation, "value"

The following compare-operations are currently supported:

contains Checks if the string provided in value is contained in the property

isequal

Compares the "value" string provided and the property contents. These two values must be exactly equal to match.

startswith

Checks if the value is found exactly at the beginning of the property value

regex

Compares the property against the provided regular expression.

### Expression-Based Filters
See the HTML documentation for this feature.

## TEMPLATES
Every output in rsyslog uses templates - this holds true for files, user messages and so on. Templates compatible with the stock syslogd formats are hardcoded into rsyslogd. If no template is specified, we use one of these hardcoded templates. Search for "template_" in syslogd.c and you will find the hardcoded ones.

A template consists of a template directive, a name, the actual template text and optional options. A sample is:

$template MyTemplateName,"\7Text %property% some more text ,<options>

The "$template" is the template directive. It tells rsyslog that this line contains a template. The backslash is an escape character. For example, \7 rings the bell (this is an ASCII value), \n is a new line. The set in rsyslog is a bit restricted currently.

All text in the template is used literally, except for things within percent signs. These are properties and allow you access to the contents of the syslog message. Properties are accessed via the property replacer and it can for example pick a substring or do date-specific formatting. More on this is the PROPERTY REPLACER section of this manpage.

To escape:

% = \%

\ = \\ --> '\' is used to escape (as in C)

$template TraditionalFormat,"%timegenerated% %HOSTNAME% %syslogtag%%msg%\n"

Properties can be accessed by the property replacer (see there for details).

Please note that templates can also by used to generate selector lines with dynamic file names. For example, if you would like to split syslog messages from different hosts to different files (one per host), you can define the following template:

$template DynFile,"/var/log/system-%HOSTNAME%.log"

This template can then be used when defining an output selector line. It will result in something like "/var/log/system-localhost.log"

### Template options
The <options> part is optional. It carries options influencing the template as whole. See details below. Be sure NOT to mistake template options with property options - the later ones are processed by the property replacer and apply to a SINGLE property, only (and not the whole template).

Template options are case-insensitive. Currently defined are:

sql

format the string suitable for a SQL statement in MySQL format. This will replace single quotes ("'") and the backslash character by their backslash-escaped counterpart ("´" and "\") inside each field. Please note that in MySQL configuration, the NO_BACKSLASH_ESCAPES mode must be turned off for this format to work (this is the default).

stdsql

format the string suitable for a SQL statement that is to be sent to a standards-compliant sql server. This will replace single quotes ("'") by two single quotes ("''") inside each field. You must use stdsql together with MySQL if in MySQL configuration the NO_BACKSLASH_ESCAPES is turned on.

Either the sql or stdsql option MUST be specified when a template is used for writing to a database, otherwise injection might occur. Please note that due to the unfortunate fact that several vendors have violated the sql standard and introduced their own escape methods, it is impossible to have a single option doing all the work. So you yourself must make sure you are using the right format. If you choose the wrong one, you are still vulnerable to sql injection.

Please note that the database writer *checks* that the sql option is present in the template. If it is not present, the write database action is disabled. This is to guard you against accidental forgetting it and then becoming vulnerable to SQL injection. The sql option can also be useful with files - especially if you want to import them into a database on another machine for performance reasons. However, do NOT use it if you do not have a real need for it - among others, it takes some toll on the processing time. Not much, but on a really busy system you might notice it ;)

The default template for the write to database action has the sql option set.

### Template examples
Please note that the samples are split across multiple lines. A template MUST NOT actually be split across multiple lines.

A template that resembles traditional syslogd file output:

$template TraditionalFormat,"%timegenerated% %HOSTNAME% %syslogtag%%msg:::drop-last-lf%\n"

A template that tells you a little more about the message:

$template precise,"%syslogpriority%,%syslogfacility%,%timegenerated%,%HOSTNAME%, %syslogtag%,%msg%\n"

A template for RFC 3164 format:

$template RFC3164fmt,"<%PRI%>%TIMESTAMP% %HOSTNAME% %syslogtag%%msg%"

A template for the format traditionally used for user messages:

$template usermsg," XXXX%syslogtag%%msg%\n\r"

And a template with the traditional wall-message format:

$template wallmsg,"\r\n\7Message from syslogd@%HOSTNAME% at %timegenerated%"

A template that can be used for writing to a database (please note the SQL template option)

$template MySQLInsert,"insert iut, message, receivedat values ('%iut%', '%msg:::UPPERCASE%', '%timegenerated:::date-mysql%') into systemevents\r\n", SQL NOTE 1: This template is embedded into core application under name StdDBFmt , so you don't need to define it.

NOTE 2: You have to have MySQL module installed to use this template.

## OUTPUT CHANNELS
Output Channels are a new concept first introduced in rsyslog 0.9.0. As of this writing, it is most likely that they will be replaced by something different in the future. So if you use them, be prepared to change you configuration file syntax when you upgrade to a later release.

Output channels are defined via an $outchannel directive. It's syntax is as follows:

$outchannel name,file-name,max-size,action-on-max-size

name is the name of the output channel (not the file), file-name is the file name to be written to, max-size the maximum allowed size and action-on-max-size a command to be issued when the max size is reached. This command always has exactly one parameter. The binary is that part of action-on-max-size before the first space, its parameter is everything behind that space.

Keep in mind that $outchannel just defines a channel with "name". It does not activate it. To do so, you must use a selector line (see below). That selector line includes the channel name plus ":omfile:$" in front of it. A sample might be:

*.* :omfile:$mychannel

## PROPERTY REPLACER
The property replacer is a core component in rsyslogd's output system. A syslog message has a number of well-defined properties (see below). Each of this properties can be accessed and manipulated by the property replacer. With it, it is easy to use only part of a property value or manipulate the value, e.g. by converting all characters to lower case.

### Accessing Properties
Syslog message properties are used inside templates. They are accessed by putting them between percent signs. Properties can be modified by the property replacer. The full syntax is as follows:

%propname:fromChar:toChar:options%

propname is the name of the property to access. It is case-sensitive.

### Available Properties
msg

the MSG part of the message (aka "the message" ;))

rawmsg

the message exactly as it was received from the socket. Should be useful for debugging.

HOSTNAME

hostname from the message

FROMHOST

hostname of the system the message was received from (in a relay chain, this is the system immediately in front of us and not necessarily the original sender)

syslogtag

TAG from the message

programname

the "static" part of the tag, as defined by BSD syslogd. For example, when TAG is "named[12345]", programname is "named".

PRI

PRI part of the message - undecoded (single value)

PRI-text

the PRI part of the message in a textual form (e.g. "syslog.info")

IUT

the monitorware InfoUnitType - used when talking to a MonitorWare backend (also for phpLogCon)

syslogfacility

the facility from the message - in numerical form

syslogfacility-text

the facility from the message - in text form

syslogseverity

severity from the message - in numerical form

syslogseverity-text

severity from the message - in text form

timegenerated

timestamp when the message was RECEIVED. Always in high resolution

timereported

timestamp from the message. Resolution depends on what was provided in the message (in most cases, only seconds)

TIMESTAMP

alias for timereported

PROTOCOL-VERSION

The contents of the PROTOCOL-VERSION field from IETF draft draft-ietf-syslog-protocol

STRUCTURED-DATA

The contents of the STRUCTURED-DATA field from IETF draft draft-ietf-syslog-protocol

APP-NAME

The contents of the APP-NAME field from IETF draft draft-ietf-syslog-protocol

PROCID

The contents of the PROCID field from IETF draft draft-ietf-syslog-protocol

MSGID

The contents of the MSGID field from IETF draft draft-ietf-syslog-protocol

$NOW

The current date stamp in the format YYYY-MM-DD

$YEAR

The current year (4-digit)

$MONTH

The current month (2-digit)

$DAY

The current day of the month (2-digit)

$HOUR

The current hour in military (24 hour) time (2-digit)

$MINUTE

The current minute (2-digit)

Properties starting with a $-sign are so-called system properties. These do NOT stem from the message but are rather internally-generated.

### Character Positions
FromChar and toChar are used to build substrings. They specify the offset within the string that should be copied. Offset counting starts at 1, so if you need to obtain the first 2 characters of the message text, you can use this syntax: "%msg:1:2%". If you do not wish to specify from and to, but you want to specify options, you still need to include the colons. For example, if you would like to convert the full message text to lower case, use "%msg:::lowercase%". If you would like to extract from a position until the end of the string, you can place a dollar-sign ("$") in toChar (e.g. %msg:10:$%, which will extract from position 10 to the end of the string).

There is also support for regular expressions. To use them, you need to place a "R" into FromChar. This tells rsyslog that a regular expression instead of position-based extraction is desired. The actual regular expression must then be provided in toChar. The regular expression must be followed by the string "--end". It denotes the end of the regular expression and will not become part of it. If you are using regular expressions, the property replacer will return the part of the property text that matches the regular expression. An example for a property replacer sequence with a regular expression is: "%msg:R:.*Sev:. \(.*\) \[.*--end%"

Also, extraction can be done based on so-called "fields". To do so, place a "F" into FromChar. A field in its current definition is anything that is delimited by a delimiter character. The delimiter by default is TAB (US-ASCII value 9). However, if can be changed to any other US-ASCII character by specifying a comma and the decimal US-ASCII value of the delimiter immediately after the "F". For example, to use comma (",") as a delimiter, use this field specifier: "F,44". If your syslog data is delimited, this is a quicker way to extract than via regular expressions (actually, a *much* quicker way). Field counting starts at 1. Field zero is accepted, but will always lead to a "field not found" error. The same happens if a field number higher than the number of fields in the property is requested. The field number must be placed in the "ToChar" parameter. An example where the 3rd field (delimited by TAB) from the msg property is extracted is as follows: "%msg:F:3%". The same example with semicolon as delimiter is "%msg:F,59:3%".

Please note that the special characters "F" and "R" are case-sensitive. Only upper case works, lower case will return an error. There are no white spaces permitted inside the sequence (that will lead to error messages and will NOT provide the intended result).

### Property Options
Property options are case-insensitive. Currently, the following options are defined:

uppercase

convert property to lowercase only

lowercase

convert property text to uppercase only

drop-last-lf

The last LF in the message (if any), is dropped. Especially useful for PIX.

date-mysql

format as mysql date

date-rfc3164

format as RFC 3164 date

date-rfc3339

format as RFC 3339 date

escape-cc

replace control characters (ASCII value 127 and values less then 32) with an escape sequence. The sequence is "#<charval>" where charval is the 3-digit decimal value of the control character. For example, a tabulator would be replaced by "#009".

space-cc

replace control characters by spaces

drop-cc

drop control characters - the resulting string will neither contain control characters, escape sequences nor any other replacement character like space.

## QUEUED OPERATIONS
Rsyslogd supports queued operations to handle offline outputs (like remote syslogd's or database servers being down). When running in queued mode, rsyslogd buffers messages to memory and optionally to disk (on an as-needed basis). Queues survive rsyslogd restarts.

It is highly suggested to use remote forwarding and database writing in queued mode, only.

To learn more about queued operations, see the HTML documentation.

## FILES
/etc/rsyslog.conf

Configuration file for rsyslogd

## SEE ALSO
rsyslogd(8), logger(1), syslog(3)

The complete documentation can be found in the doc folder of the rsyslog distribution or online at

https://www.rsyslog.com/doc/

Please note that the man page reflects only a subset of the configuration options. Be sure to read the HTML documentation for all features and details. This is especially vital if you plan to set up a more-then-extremely-simple system.

## AUTHORS
rsyslogd is taken from sysklogd sources, which have been heavily modified by Rainer Gerhards (rgerhards@adiscon.com) and others.


rygel.conf

package: rygel

title: rygel.conf(5)

summary: Rygel configuration file

text:
# rygel.conf(5)

## NAME
rygel.conf - Rygel configuration file

## SYNOPSIS
$XDG_CONFIG_DIR/rygel.conf

/etc/rygel.conf

## DESCRIPTION
rygel reads its configuration values from the file $XDG_CONFIG_DIR/rygel.conf or a file given on command line with the --config option. If that file does not exist it uses the file /etc/rygel.conf.

Most of the options may be overriden by commandline arguments or envronment variables. See rygel(1) for details on those.

## GENERAL DIRECTIVES
Lists in the configuration files are separated by a semicolon (;). Boolean values may be either true or false.

ipv6

Set to false to disable binding to IPv6 addresses

interface=INTERFACE

Semicolon separated list separated of the network interfaces rygel should listen on. May be an IP, an interface name or on Linux even the ESSID of a wireless network.

port=PORT

Set the listen-port.

enable-transcoding

Set to true to enable transcoding in general.

log-level=DOMAIN:LEVEL[,DOMAIN:LEVEL,...]

Comma-separated list of DOMAIN:LEVEL pairs, allowing to set the log level individually for each domain, where DOMAIN is eiher "*", "rygel" or the name of a plugin. Allowed log levels are 1=error, 2=critical, 3=warning, 4=message/info, 5=debug. Note that on recent versions of GLib (>= 2.36) it is required to set the environment variable G_MESSAGES_DEBUG to all to get any debug output.

plugin-path=PATH

Set the plugin search path.

engine-path=PATH

Set the engine search path.

media-engine=ENGINE

Name of the loadable module to use as media engine back-end.

allow-upload

Allow uploading of media files via UPnP.

allow-deletion

Allow remote media file deletion via UPnP.

video-upload-folder

If allow-upload is true, use this folder to store uploaded videos. It defaults to @VIDEOS@ which expands to the default directory for video files (usually $HOME/Videos).

music-upload-folder

If allow-upload is true, use this folder to store uploaded music files. It defaults to @MUSIC@ which expands to the default directory for music files (usually $HOME/Music).

picture-upload-folder

If allow-upload is true, use this folder to store uploaded pictures. It defaults to @PICTURES@ which expands to the default directory for picture files (usually $HOME/Pictures).

force-downgrade-for

Semicolon-separated list of device user-agents (or parts thereof) which need a forced downgrade to MediaServer:1 and/or ContentDirectory:1.

Warning

Only use this parameter if you know what your're doing or are being told to do so; overriding the default value might cause incompatibilites. If you find that adding your device here enables its usage with Rygel, please file an IOP bug[1] so we can include it into the default configuration.

acl-fallback-policy

This is the default policy that is used if no access control provider is found on the D-Bus. Use true to allow access from every peer, false to deny all access. If it is not specified, the default fall-back policy is true.

strict-dlna

Disabled by default. Use true to disable a set of features that improve compatibility with many clients, but break standard conformance

## DATABASE SETTINGS
The settings in the [Database]section are for the database support library.

debug

Set to true to show the SQL statements used.

## GSTREAMER MEDIA ENGINE SETTINGS
The settings in the [GstMediaEngine] section are specific to the GStreamer media engine, which is the default media engine. See the media-engine setting. These following options are available for the GStreamer[2] media engine.

transcoders

A semicolon-separated list of the active transcoders. This setting has no effect if enable-transcoding is set to false. Possible values are: lpcm,mp3,mp2ts,aac,avc or wmv. Its default value is lpcm;mp3;mp2ts;aac;wmv.

## PLUGIN-SPECIFIC SETTINGS
Sections for plugins are denoted with [PluginName] and can contain options specific to a plugin (see below) as well these common options:

title=TITLE

Title of the device implemented by this plugin. There are some variables which will be replaced by rygel. @REALNAME@ will be subsituted by the user's real name, @USERNAME@ by the user's login id and @HOSTNAME@ by the name of the machine rygel runs on.

enabled

You can individually enable or disable plugins by setting this to true or false.

energy-management

Set to true to if you would like the UPnP device to contain a EnergyManagement service. Note that additional configuration is required, see EnergyManagement settings.

diagnostics

Set to true if you would like the UPnP device to contain a BasicManagement:2 service that allows running tools like ping, nslookup and traceroute remotely.

server-name

A string that will be sent as the "Server:" header in a HTTP response.

## ENERGYMANAGEMENT SETTINGS
The settings in [EnergyManagement-IFACENAME] sections specify the settings that relate to EnergyManagement services on this interface. Example: [EnergyManagement-eth0].

mode-on-suspend

The NetworkInterfaceMode that should be used when suspended. Default is "Unimplemented", other valid values are "IP-up-Periodic”, "IP-down-no-Wake", "IP-down-with-WakeOn", "IP-down-with-WakeAuto", "IP-down-with-WakeOnAuto".

supported-transport

Optional WakeSupportedTransport that the service should advertize. Valid values are "UDP-Broadcast", "UDP-Unicast", "TCP-Unicast", "Other".

password

Optional hexadecimal password that will be used to build the WakeOnPattern.

## TRACKER PLUGIN
The tracker plugin uses the centralized database of meta information from the tracker project. See the tracker project website[3] for more information about tracker.

share-pictures

Enable or disable sharing of all pictures in the Tracker database.

share-videos

Enable or disable sharing of all videos in the Tracker database.

share-music

Enable or disable sharing of all music in the Tracker database.

## MEDIAEXPORT PLUGIN
The MediaExport plugin is an alternative to the tracker-backed media export. It extracts meta-data by itself and stores it in a SQLite[4] database in $XDG_CACHE_DIR/rygel/media-export.db on UNIX platforms.

Note

If both plugins, Tracker as well as MediaExport are enabled, MediaExport will disable itself in favour of the Tracker plugin.

There are several options supported by this plugin:

uris

A list of URIS to expose via UPnP. May be files, folders or anything supported by GVFS. If left emtpy it defaults to export the user's music, video and picture folders as defined per XDG special user directories spec. These default folders can be referenced by @MUSIC@, @PICTURES@ and @VIDEOS@. Locations can be entered as either fully escaped URIS or normal paths.

Note

If you enter a normal path that contains whitespace there is no need to escape them with either a backslash or putting the string in quotes.

Note

It is strongly advised against using an exported folder as a target for downloads when extract-metadata is enabled. Rygel will most likely ignore the files then because they will fail to extract.

Example 1. Possible values for uris

uris=@MUSIC@;/home/user/My Pictures;file:///home/user/My%20Videos

extract-metadata

Set to false if you do not care about duration or any other meta-data like artist. This speeds up the initial crawl of the media a lot. Use it to quickly share some files via UPnP. Make sure to define an include-filter, otherwise you will end up with a lot of files exposed which the client cannot display anyway.

monitor-changes

Set to false if you don't want to have new files picked up automatically by rygel.

monitor-grace-timeout

Time in seconds to wait after a new file has been detected before trying to extract meta-data from it. Useful if you're downloading to a directory watched by rygel. Default is 5 seconds.

virtual-folders

Set to false if you don't need the virtual folder hierarchy.

## PLAYBIN PLUGIN
The Playbin plugin implements a media renderer (Digtal Media Renderer, DMR in DLNA terms). This plugin was known as GstRenderer.

It is highly recommended to leave the sink choice to playbin. If, however, the default choices don't work for you they can be reconfigured as follows

audio-sink

Definition of the audio sink to use. Can be a single element or a partial pipeline definition in gst-launch's syntax

video-sink

Definition of the video sink to use. Can be a single element or a partial pipeline definition in gst-launch's syntax

## LIGHTMEDIASCANNER PLUGIN
The LightMediaScanner plugin exports the contents of the lightmediascanner daemon[5]

This plugin does not have any special options.

## GSTLAUNCH PLUGIN
The GstLaunch plugin allows to expose GStreamer pipelines using the same syntax as the gst-launch utilty. You can configure several items in this plugins.

launch-items

A list of of identifiers for the pipelines to be exposed.

identifier-title

Title of the device represented by this pipeline. Identifier is the identifier as set in launch-items

identifier-mime

Mime-type of the pipeline.

identifier-launch

Definition of the pipeline in gst-launch syntax. For some examples on writing pipelines see gst-launch(1).

identifier-dlnaprofile

DLNA profile for the stream.

An example configuration is available in the distributed configuration file /etc/rygel.conf.

## EXTERNAL
The External plugin is an consumer of the MediaServer2 DBus interface specification[6]. This allows external programs to share their data via UPnP by implementing this DBus specification. The plugin picks up any implementation of this interface on the session bus and exposes the presented media via UPnP. Known implementors of this spec are gnome-dvb-daemon[7], Rhythmbox[8] and Grilo[9] via the grilo-ms2 project.

You can disable the whole functionality by setting enabled=false in the [External] section of the configuration file.

Individual peers may be enabled or disabled by creating sections corresponding to the D-Bus names of the peer:

```
[org.gnome.UPnP.MediaServer2.Rhythmbox]
enabled=false
```

This plugin has no additional options.

## MPRIS
The MPRIS plugin is a consumer of the MPRIS2 DBus interface specification[10]. The implementation conforms to version 2.0 of the standard.

rygel exposes media players that implement the provider side of this DBus specification as DLNA Digital Media Renderers (DMR) similar to the Playbin plugin. This means that you can easily turn your media player into a DMR by implementing this DBus specification.

Players that implement this spec and are known to work with rygel are Banshee[11], Rhythmbox[8] and GNOME Videos (previously known as Totem)[12]

You can disable the whole functionality by setting enabled=false in the [MRPIS] section of the configuration file.

The configuration of this plugin is special. Plugin configuration is not done on the plugin but rather per peer that is found providing the MPRIS2 interface. See the following example to set the title for Banshee on MPRIS:

```
[org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.banshee]
title=@REALNAME@'s Banshee on @HOSTNAME@
```

This plugin has no additional options.

## SEE ALSO
rygel(1), gst-launch(1)

## AUTHOR
Jens Georg <mail@jensge.org>

Wrote this manpage.

## NOTES
1.

file an IOP bug

https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/rygel/issues/new/?issuable_template=IOP

2.

GStreamer

http://gstreamer.freedesktop.org

3.

tracker project website

https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/Tracker

4.

SQLite

http://sqlite.org

5.

lightmediascanner daemon

https://github.com/profusion/lightmediascanner

6.

MediaServer2 DBus interface specification

https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/Rygel/MediaServer2Spec

7.

gnome-dvb-daemon

https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/DVBDaemon

8.

Rhythmbox

http://www.rhythmbox.org

9.

Grilo

https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/Grilo

10.

MPRIS2 DBus interface specification

https://specifications.freedesktop.org/mpris-spec/latest/

11.

Banshee

http://banshee.fm

12.

GNOME Videos (previously known as Totem)

https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Videos